GRAVI-MAGNETIC ROTATORS IN CATACLYSMIC BINARY STARS

摘要

Various astrophysical processes are reviewed, which take place in the classical, asynchronous and intermediate polars, as well as the results of their theoretical and observational investigations according to the international program ``Inter-Longitude Astronomy''. The uniqueness of the class of polars is the largest arbitrary influence of the magnetic field of the white dwarf onto accretion. The results are discussed of the monitoring, which started 30 years ago, being intitated by V. P. Tsessevich (1907-1983) and since 1989 has been carried out on the basis of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in co-operation with N. M. Shakhovskoy and S. V. Kolesnikov. For the analysis, we have used the data from the satellites IUE, CHANDRA, XMM, HST, HIPPARCOS. Theoretical modes were elaborated for the synchronization of the spin and orbital motions of the white dwarf in the system followed by a subsequent excitation of quasi-periodic 2-dimensional variations of orientation of the magnetic axis of the white dwarf. Mathematical thery was elaborated for auto-correlation functions of signals, which was used to investigate the dependence of the characteristics of flickering for binary systems of various types with different degrees of influence of the magnetic field onto accretion at different luminosity levels and different spin phases. The characteristics of the sources of variability with different spectral energy distribution based on the Principal Component Analysis, scalegram- and wavelet analysis are reviewed. Processes in asynchronous polars with the ``idling'' of the white dwarf and its synchronization are discussed. The non-regularity of the spin period oin a group of intermediate polars was detected, for the interpretation of which the model of precession of the white dwarf due to the accretion torque is proposed.