An extremely preterm neonate developed a progressively worsening right axillary ulcerative lesion at the previous site of a temperature probe. Despite treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotic and antifungal therapy, the lesion worsened and required extensive surgical debridement. Histologic examination of the debrided tissue demonstrated the presence of invasive mucormycosis. With prompt surgical intervention and proper antifungal therapy, the patient survived. Here we present a unique case of invasive cutaneous mucormycosis in a preterm neonate, along with a review of the current literature on this rare infection. Highlights ? We present a rare case of invasive neonatal cutaneous mucormycosis and a review of the current literature on mucormycosis. ? Cutaneous mucormycosis results from direct inoculation of fungal spores into the skin at areas of trauma. ? Clinically, the appearance ranges from asymptomatic vesicles or pustules to painful necrotic plaques. ? Treatment includes systemic Amphotericin B and prompt assessment of the need for resection of affected tissue. ? This case is unique given the neonate survived after such extensive surgical resection of the hemithorax.
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