Autologous blood transfusion in open heart surgeries under cardio-pulmonary bypass - Clinical appraisal

摘要

Autologous blood withdrawal before instituting cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) protects the platelets, preserve red cell mass and reduce allogeneic transfusion requirements. Ideal condition for autologous blood donation is elective cardiac surgery where there is a high probability of blood transfusion. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of preoperative autologous blood donation in cardiac surgeries. Out of 150 patients registered, 50 cases were excluded on the basis of hemoglobin content (11 gm/dl) and age group (pediatric group); therefore, the study was conducted on 100 cardiac surgery patients. We collected 13% to 15% of patienta€?s estimated blood volume in bags containing either heparin or citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) and stored at room temperature. This was later returned to the patient through a peripheral vein after the bypass. In most of the cases 1-2 units (1 unit=450 ml) were withdrawn and re-administered to the patients. This study showed that there was 10% decrease in banked blood requirements. We conclude that autologous pre-donation is a promising alternative in reducing the harmful effects of allogeneic blood transfusion in elective cardiac surgery. It improves the recovery profile and decreases the transfusion related morbidity.