Analysis of Physical and Chemical of Starch Lindur (Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza), Pedada (Sonneratia Casiolaris) and Api-Api (Avicennia Marina)

摘要

Mangrove is one of the coastal ecosystem which highly beneficial for human, several type of mangrove that were commonly used as food source for human were Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia casiolaris and Avicennia marina. With high carbohydrate content, these three mangrove has the potential to be processed into starch or flour. Characterization review of physical and chemical traits of starch from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia casiolaris and Avicennia marina was done in Health Laboratory of Health Agency in Maluku Province and Community Health Study Laboratory in Health Faculty of Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku. Physical and chemical analysis done consist of coarse fiber, protein, fat, water content, ash content, sucrose content, white degrees, water absorbance, starch and amylose analysis. Result of this study showed that sucrose content of Bruguiera gymnorrhyza was 19,5%, of Sonneratia casiolaris was 42,1% and of Avicennia marina was 21,4%. For sucrose content of starch were 10,85%, 15,25% and 11,15%. White degree of flour were 39,45%, 45,17% and 40,45% respectively. White degree for starch were 57,72%, 66,39% and 60,8%. Coarse fiber content for flour of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza was 1,24 ml/gr, of Sonneratia casiolaris 0,97 ml/gr, and of Avicennia marina 1,05 ml/gr. Water absorbance for starch of Bruguiera gymnorrhize was the highest with 3,57 ml/gr, followed by Sonneratia casiolaris with 1,46 ml/gr and Avicennia marina with 2,33 ml/gr. Water content of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza starch was between 9,02%-10,77%. Water content of Sonneratia casiolaris starch was between 10,72%-11,90%. Water content of Avicennia marina starch was between 7,69%-9,61%. Ash content of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza starch was about 4,65%-5,65%. Ash content of Sonneratia casiolaris starch was about 4,10%-4,17% and ash content of Avicennia marina starch was about 3,87%-4,16%. Highest protein content for each type was Bruguiera gymnorrhiza with 3,31%, Sonneratia casiolaris with 1,69% and Avicennia marina with 2,20%. Fat content for each type was 0,89%, 0,58% and 0,94% respectively. Coarse fiber content for each type was 1,40%, 0,51% and 0,99%. Starch of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza was 73,19%, of Sonneratia casiolaris was 61,95% and of Avicennia marina was 70,71%. Amylose content for those three were 31,45%, 20,28% and 27,69%. This study contribution was to obtain starch sources as food material.