Geo-Informatics Application in Determining, Analyzing, Evaluating and Mitigating Landslides Hazards in the Slopes of the Canyon of Watier Valley, Southeastern Sinai, Egypt

摘要

Landslides in the Canyon slopes of the lower reach of Watier Valley represent one of the great hazards, which threaten the highway users that extends along the canyon bed between Newieba marine port and the rest of the country, for more than 50 km. In addition, the other human activities inside this reach are susceptible for the landslides hazard, especially, the electric, water networks and scattered Bedouins communities. This study tries to highlight the landslides hazard issue along the canyon reach. In order to analyze, evaluate and mitigate the hazard, a combination of data acquired, manipulated and implemented in the form of geo-informatics package. Fieldwork measurements for the canyon sides slope by using non-prism Total-Station and high-resolution quick-bird images were the main data sources. A GIS Model designed and applied for manipulating, processing and conducting these data. The application of this approach give the opportunity to create a Risk Zones Map for the canyon reach and revealed three main points: 1-Elevation, very steep slopes and rock structure are the main precondition factors and the earthquakes, while, the heavy rain-falls and seismic movements are the triggering main factors for that cause the landslides hazards. 2-The rock fall, toppling, rock sliding and debris flow are the main landslides movement forms. 3- The study suggested some appropriate mitigation methods to reduce the risk of landslide movements and rock stability along the canyon.