Role Of Some Plant Extracts And Organic Manure In Controlling TylenchulusSemipenetrans Cobb In Vitro And In Vivo In Citrus

摘要

The nematicidal activity of Acacia (Acacia arbica), Calendula (Calendula officinalis), Lantana (Lantana cammara), Nerium (Nerium oleander), Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) were tested against J2 of Tylenchulus semipenetrans in vitro and in vivo. The organic manure [ Livestock manure (2 kg), Rice straw (2 kg), Agricultural soil (2 kg),Bakery yeast (100 g), Sugar cane molasses (200 g), Agricultural sulfur (500 g), Wheat husk (1 kg), Vegetable nutrients containing NPK, White lime (200 g) and Charcoal (1 kg)] also was examined. In vitro, the aqueous plant extracts significantly increased the J2 mortality of citrus nematode T. semipenetrans in vitro, where the mortality (%) was in the range of 40.6 to 100.0%, compared to 1.0 to 2.0% in the distilled water treatment. Rosemary extract highly reduced the J2 of nematode at standard concentration of S, followed by extracts of Lantana, Calendula, Chamomile, Nerium and Acacia. The organic manure showing the effective reduction to J2 of citrus nematode, compared to control treatment. In greenhouse experiment, the aqueous extract of Rosemary also was effective against population density of J2 citrus nematode, where the mortality was 79.6%. Results revealed that the highest reduction of nematode females was 78.3% obtained with Calendula while the highest reduction of egg-masses was 70.0 % obtained with aqueous extract of Calendula and Lantana. The aqueous plant extract also increased the vegetative growth parameters such as length and fresh and dry weight of shoots of citrus seedlings. Rosemary gave the greatest increase in the length of shoots, Calendula significantly increased the weight of shoots, while the significant increase in shoot dry weight obtained with Lantana. The organic manure at rate of 20 g/pot had nematcidal effect against citrus nematode parameters, followed by rates of 15, 10 and 5 g/pots, respectively.