Comparison studies between aqueous lepidium sativum L., lupinus albus and trigonella foenum- gracum seeds, and their mixture extracts on streptozotocin-induced diabeticrats

摘要

Many herbal medicines have been recommended for the treatment of diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of Lepidium sativum L. (LS), lupin and fenugreek or their mixture in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of aqueous LS, lupin, and fenugreek extract (50mg /kg body weight), and their mixture [37.5 mg LS + 12.5 mg lupine / Kg BW (3:1 w/w) and 25mg LS + 25 mg lupine / Kg BW (1:1 w/w), and 12.5 mg LS + 37.5 mg lupine / Kg BW (1:3 w/w), and 37.5 mg LS + 6.25 mg lupine +6.25 mg fenugreek / Kg BW (3:0.5:0.5 w/w/w)] for 60 days on the level of serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in normal (negative control) and streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats were evaluated. All treatment alleviated body weight loss in diabetic rats. Also, administrations of the extract significantly decreased serum glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT and ALP levels, whereas it increased serum insulin in these rats. Furthermore, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum decreased significantly after oral administration of the LS, lupin, fenugreek and their mixture extract, compared with those of diabetic rats in positive control. The phenolic and flavonoid fractions were investigated in the seeds and aqueous extracts. These results showed that the aqueous extract of the LS, lupin, and fenugreek seeds had a significant hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity in diabetic rats, whether this is partly due to the presence of flavonoids in the extract needs further study. Finally the best effect of treatment was aqueous LS extract; group 3, mixture of LS & lupine (3:1 w/w); group 6 and LS +lupine + fenugreek (3:0.5:0.5 w/w/w); group 9. Additionally, histopathological examination showed that Lepidium sativum markedly ameliorated pancreas necrosis of STZ-induced diabetic rats. It is concluded that the plant should be considered as an excellent candidate for future studies on diabetes mellitus.