Interactions of herbicides, surfactants, and the giant salvinia weevil (Cyrtobagous salviniae) for control of giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta). Christopher R. Mudge, Nathan E. Harms, and Julie G. Nachtrieb

摘要

ABSTRACT Herbicides and the biological control agent Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands (giant salvinia weevil, Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are the most effective means to manage the floating aquatic invasive giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta Mitchell) in North America. Limited efforts have been made to integrate these technologies and no information is available on the direct and indirect impacts of herbicides on giant salvinia weevils. Flumioxazin and penoxsulam, applied directly to the wee.