Gender analysis on drivers of cigarette consumption in Kenya: two-part model approach

摘要

Background: Objectively, this study conducted a gender demographic and psychosocial analysis on drivers of cigarette consumption in Kenya. Methods: The study heavily relied on data from Kenya Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2014. The data was analyzed using the probit regression and OLS technique to determine the relationship between the predictor and response variables. The results were tested against the stated hypothesis at 1% and 5% level of significance. Results: The study revealed that smoking policy at indoor workplaces had a significant (ρ and reducing (β=-0.3723) effect on the male smoking participation as compared to female smoking participation. However, opinion about increase in cigarette tax had a significant effect on the probability of both male (ρ=0.000) and female (ρ=0.000) smoking participation. The average consumption weighted price per pack, negatively (β=-0.2046) and significantly (ρ affected the probability of female smoking participation while it positively (β=0.1248) and significantly (ρ affected the male smoking intensity. The study found that drivers such as age (β=0.2360, ρ , years spent in education (β=0.0527, ρ , presence and number of children (β=-0.4543, ρ and household size (β=0.3284, ρ had significant influence on the general (male and female) smoking intensity. Male's opinion on cigarette tax adjustment had a significant (ρ and reducing (β=-0.2973) effect on their smoking intensity. Conclusions: Thus, strengthening the adherence of smoking policy not only in indoor workplaces but also in open spaces and public utilities will help to reduce both smoking participation and smoking intensity among males and females. Cigarette tax adjustments have been proven to be the most effective way of reducing tobacco use among males and females. This is mainly achieved through price increase of cigarettes and thus resulting in reduction in Tobacco use among men and women.