Zodiacal Exoplanets in Time (ZEIT). VI. A Three-planet System in the Hyades Cluster Including an Earth-sized Planet

摘要

Planets in young clusters are powerful probes of the evolution of planetary systems. Here we report the discovery of three planets transiting EPIC?247589423, a late-K dwarf in the Hyades (;800 Myr) cluster, and robust detection limits for additional planets in the system. The planets were identified from their K2 light curves as part of our survey of young clusters and star-forming regions. The smallest planet has a radius comparable to Earth (0.99 0.04R 0.06 - + ?), making it one of the few Earth-sized planets with a known, young age. The two larger planets are likely a mini-Neptune and a super-Earth, with radii of 2.91 0.10R 0.11 - + ? and 1.45 0.08R 0.11 - + ?, respectively. The predicted radial velocity signals from these planets are between 0.4 and 2 m s?1, achievable with modern precision RV spectrographs. Because the target star is bright (V?=?11.2) and has relatively low-amplitude stellar variability for a young star (2–6 mmag), EPIC?247589423 hosts the best known planets in a young open cluster for precise radial velocity follow-up, enabling a robust test of earlier claims that young planets are less dense than their older counterparts.