Anaphylactic Shock

摘要

The body can tolerate allergies of mild nature and the person affected may live with it and prevent the allergy by avoiding exposure to the substance producing this allergic reaction. If the individual is exposed to foreign materials like drugs then most likely that he would be subjected to such reaction if he is vulnerable That may happen at his home, doctor clinic and in hospitalThere are many records of severe allergic reaction to the following classes of substances and items: Food, insect bite and drugs. All are incriminated in liberating histamine. Drugs, which are notorious to produce serious reactions, are: morphine, pethidine, thiopentone, dextran, haemacel Antibiotics, penicillin Immunizing agents, horse sera, latex and the list is expanding. The immediate management includes activation of the emergency services either in society or in hospital to administer life saving measures and follow up according to the following major lines Severe reaction (Anaphylactic shock): Treatment should be immediate, ask for help from emergency services and usually in hospital setting the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) team would be informed. Meanwhile put the patient in supine position, loosen his collar and tight belt, etc. If breathing is noisy this is called stridor, the patient will need oxygen. If swelling of the mouth and larynx happen (laryngeal oedema), the patient may need artificial airway which is usually performed by the emergency team (endotracheal intubation) which needs special instruments. So till then the patient should be given oxygen by mask.Cardiovascular collapse calls for immediate resuscitation (CPR). Guarantee the open vein, judicious use of intravenous fluids, which is usually administered by the CPR team. Adrenaline, 0.5 ml 1:1000 intravenously also can be injected in remote areas (outreach of the medical facilities) by a special pen