Effect of Organic and Inorganic Nutrients on Yield of Rajmash (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) in Dry Temperate Zone of Himachal Pradesh

摘要

Spiti valley is endowed with mild summers and cool winters. The valley remains snow bound from mid November to March. Intense sun, high wind velocity, low humidity, scanty rainfall and high transpiration rate are the other features of climate of Spiti valley. Use of bio-fertilizers is gaining momentum by the farmers of Himachal Pradesh in organic farming. The use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria as inoculants simultaneously increases P uptake by the plant and crop yield. Strains from the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Rhizobium are among the most powerful phosphate solubilizers. Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a potential cash crop grown in dry temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh. Being a leguminous crop its phosphorus requirement is higher. Among the various components of production technology, fertilizers are the kingpin for improving the productivity of rajmash. The scarcity of organic material in the dry temperate zone indicates that the productivity depends on integrated nutrient management. Thus the present study with two inoculations (Rhizobium and Rhizobium+Phosphate solublising bacteria), four nitrogen levels (0,20,40,60 kg/ha) and two phosphorus levels (75% and 100% recommended) was undertaken. Rajmash yield increased by inoculation. Grain yield increased with increasing N levels. Substitution of 25% P did not increase the yield of rajmash significantly. Similarly straw yield of rajmash differ significantly by inoculation in both the years. Recommended level of P @ 60 kg/ha proved better than 75% of recommended P. After analyzing soil samples at harvest it was revealed that inoculation with Rhizobium+PSB gave more availability of N (222.8 kg/ha), P (26.6 kg/ha) and K (8.96 kg/ha) in comparison to Rhizobium alone.