Innominate arteriovenous fistula following laser lead extraction: endovascular treatment of a potentially fatal complication

摘要

The increased use of cardiovascular implantableelectronic devices over recent years is associatedwith a higher rate of distinctive complicationsand, as a result, an increasing number of leadextraction procedures. In most cases, transvenouslead extraction (TLE) is performed, whichis less invasive than surgical removal. However,it can be complicated by several conditions, includingan arteriovenous fistula (AVF), which israre but potentially fatal.1 To date, 5 cases of aninnominate arteriovenous fistula (IAVF) followinglaser lead extraction have been reported, withan overall mortality rate of 40%.2-4 We describean effective endovascular treatment of IAVF witha balloon-?expandable peripheral stentgraft.