Comparison of essential oils compositions of eryngo (Eryngium caucasicum Trautv.) at different growth phases by hydrodistillation method

摘要

The essential oils extracted from stems and leaves of Eryngium caucasicum Trautv., by hydrodistillation method. The samples were collected from different coastal and hill slope locations at various vegetative phases. The composition of essential oils was analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography, coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Totally, fifty eight volatile compounds were identified in stem and leave oils. Quantitative and qualitative differences were also found among the analysed parts. The β-sesquiphellandrene (44.21%), limonene (18.39%) and β-bisabolene (6.08%) were dominant components, respectively, at vegetative phase (May 2009) in the leaves of coastal plants, while 5-methyl-2-pyrimidone (53.83%), β-sesquiphellandrene (11.26%) and β-bisabolene (7.43%) were dominant components in hill slope plants. The main components of the essential oils in leaves of coastal plants at vegetative phase (June 2009) were β-sesquiphellandrene (27.32%), limonene (14.32%) and 5-methyl-2-pyrimidone (14.15%). On the hill slope, plant components were 4(5)-acetyl-1H-imidazole (50.14%), β-sesquiphellandrene (15.51%) and 4-(1,5- dimethylhex-4-enyl) cyclohex-2-enone (11.05%). The Hexadecahydro-cyclobuta [1,2,3,4] dicyclooctene (45.46%), β-sesquiphellan- drene (20.5%) and widdrene (19.06%) were dominant components at generative phase (July 2009) in the stems of coastal plants, while piperiton (69.81%), 4-(1,5-dimethylhex-4-enyl) cyclohex-2-enone (18.38%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (4.54%) were dominant components on hill slope plants. The main components of the essential oils were sesquiterpenes. This study shows that type and concentration of components can be remarkably changed, based on vegetation phase and location. This can help us to be more selective in our extraction strategy.