Preemptive analgesia with intravenous tramadol for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing inguinal hernioplasty: A randomized controlled trial

摘要

Abstract: Pain is recognized to be a major source of post-operative morbidity and pain intensity peaks during first post-operative hours and in adequate management leads to several pathophysiological changes in pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. A variety of post-operative analgesic strategies ranging from simple analgesic agents administered orally to nerve blocks to combat this pain has been sought. A simpler strategy of pre-emptive analgesic agent may be more acceptable for both surgeons a.