How Does Self-Efficacy Influence Pain Perception, Postural Stability and Range of Motion in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain?

摘要

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal problem amongadults. Individuals with chronic LBP (CLBP) can present a psychological disorder and a lack of painself-efficacy.Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the process of repetition-inducedsummation of activity-related pain, the lumbar range of motion, and the postural stability ofpatients with non-specific LBP (NSLBP) based on their level of self-efficacy.Study Design: This research used a descriptive, cross-sectional study design.Methods: This research included 60 patients with NSCLBP. Patients were classified as having“high” or “low” self-efficacy based on a median split of scores on the Chronic Pain Self-EfficacyScale. All patients received a sociodemographic questionnaire, a psychological self-reportedmeasures (Tampa scale of Kinesiophobia; Pain Catastrophizing Scale; Rumination subscale,Magnification subscale; Helplessness subscale; Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire; FearAvoidance Belief Questionnaire; Physical Activity subscale; Work subscale); and completed theTemporal Summation Lifting Task, Lumbar Range of Motion, and Multi-Directional FunctionalReach Test (MDFRT).Results: The results indicated that the low self-efficacy group had a shorter lumbar range ofmotion and lower postural stability, in addition to greater pain intensity in the temporal summationlifting task, compared with the high self-efficacy group. The analysis showed that the strongestcorrelation for the high self-efficacy was between fear of movement and the temporal summationlifting task, and greater scores at the psychological questionnaires, compared with the high selfefficacy group (r = 0.711; P < 0.01). The strongest correlations found for the low self-efficacygroup, showed a positive relationship between pain catastrophizing and the temporal summationlifting task (r = 0.765; P < 0.01), and a strong negative association between pain catastrophizingfor the magnification subscale and lumbar range of motion (r = -0.759; P < 0.01).Limitations: The results of this study should be interpreted with caution because of its crosssectional design, and therefore causal relationships cannot be established. A significant limitationof the study is that patients’ physical activity levels were not assessed, which could have influencedtheir ability to perform motor tasks at the perceived difficulty and fear level.Conclusions: The high self-efficacy group had less pain in the temporal summation lifting task,a greater range of motion, and a greater functional range, in addition to a lower influence ofpsychological factors.