Microbiological Profile of Neonatal Sepsis at a Maternity Hospital in Omdurman, Sudan

摘要

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signsof infection and accompanied by bacteremia in the first month of life. It is a major causeof morbidity and mortality in neonatal period. The study was conducted to determinemicrobiological profile and antibiogram of neonatal sepsis at Omdurman MaternityHospital.Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study involving 202 neonatalblood cultures at Omdurman Maternity Hospital during the period from April 2017to April 2018. Specimens were cultured in Brain Heart Infusion broth followed bysubculture of isolates on blood agar, MacConkey agar, and Chocolate agar andincubated aerobically at 37oC for 24 h. The isolates were tested for their susceptibilityto antimicrobial agents using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Of 202 positive blood cultures, 130 cases (64.4%) were early onset and72 cases (35.6%) were recorded for late onset sepsis. Gram-negative pathogensapproaching (123, 60.9%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism inboth groups of neonatal sepsis being isolated from (71, 35.7%), followed by Klebsiellapneumoniae (43, 21.2%). Gram-negative organisms were sensitive to Imepenem (97.3%)and Meropenem (80.5%) and resistant to third-generation Cephalosporins (65.3%)and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (91.4%). Gram-positive organisms were resistant toCefotaxime (75%), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (65.4%), and Clindamycin (68.2%); 91.6%of gram-positive isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin.Conclusion: Gram-negative pathogens took the major spectrum of isolates. Klebsiellapneumoniae (21.2%) was the most frequent gram-negative organism. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (33.7%) was the most common isolate. Mostof the isolates were multidrug resistant. The best choice for treatment is Vancomycin(8.4%) and Imepenem (2.7%) for gram-positive and gram-negative, respectively.Adherence to antibiotic policy, antimicrobial surveillance, and policy updating isnecessary.