Synthesis and characterization of Ba2+ and Zr4+ co-doped titania nanomaterial which in turn used as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine-B in visible light

摘要

A Ba 2+ and Zr 4+ co-doped titania nanomaterial was prepared with different weight percentages of dopants ranging from 1.00 to 1.5?wt% by sol–gel method. It was examined against the photocatalytic activity and was compared to undoped TiO 2 . The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, UV-DRS, FT-IR, XPS and SEM-EDX. The XRD data has shows that the co-doped TiO 2 in anatase phase without distraction of crystal patterns by the dopents. UV-DRS spectra show that the co-doped TiO 2 has a signi?cant absorption shift towards the visible region than pure TiO 2 . The TEM and SEM confirm the co-doped TiO 2 in nanometer range of about 20.15–37?nm and the particles are in spherical shape, with presence of respective elements of the catalyst. From XPS, analysis it was confirmed that the prospect of all the corresponding elements as well as the dopant Ba in 2+?and Zr in 4+?state. The photocatalytic activities of these nano catalysts were investigated with rhodamine-B (RhB) as the model pollutant and the results were found to be by comparison of dopant concentration, pH of solution, dosage of catalysts, and dye concentration. From this study, the 0.75?wt% Ba 2+ & 0.25?wt% Zr 4+ co-doped TiO 2 exhibiting high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of RhB at pH 8, 100?mg of catalyst and 5?mgL ?1 dye concentration and finally thereby studied the mechanism of photo degradation. Graphical abstract The Ba 2+ & Zr 4+ co-doped TiO 2 nonmaterial was synthesized by sol–gel method. The presence of Ba 2+ and Zr 4+ dopants on to the TiO 2 assures the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of pure TiO 2 and the catalyst degrading 5?mg/L of rhodamine-B with 120?min. Display Omitted Highlights ? The Ba 2+ & Zr 4+ co-doped TiO 2 nanomaterial was synthesized by sol–gel method. ? The presence of Ba 2+ and Zr 4+ dopants on to the TiO 2 assures the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of pure TiO 2 . ? The Ba 2+ & Zr 4+ co-doped TiO 2 degrading 5?mg/L of rhodamine-B with 120?min.