Bioremediation of Oil Contaminated Soil by Biostimulation Method Using NPK Fertilizer

摘要

Petroleum contamination in the soil is known to reach the location of groundwater resources thereby potentially contaminating groundwater that is used as the primary source of clean water. Hydrocarbon compounds contained in the petroleum are also compounds that are most difficult to breakdown. One way of overcoming this problem is by bioremediation, which is a recovery of environmental condition by utilizing biological microorganism activity to reduce levels of toxicity of pollutant compounds. The research was conducted in laboratory scale for 30 days using biostimulation methods with NPK fertilizer as nutrient. Variations are done in the level of NPK fertilizer nutrients to the contaminated soil (control, 10%, and 20%). The parameters tested include the value of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), temperature, pH and total microbial colonies contained in the contaminated soil samples. Results of research showed that the addition of nutrients is as much as 20% (w/w). Bioremediation was able to reduce TPH up to 4.23% (initially 8.37% TPH) in week 4 of the research. Addition of nutrition in the form of NPK fertilizer highly affects the TPH value degradation rate in oil-contaminated soil samples. Higher concentration of NPK fertilizer added leads to better degradation rate of NPH value.