These days, many marine autonomous environment monitoring networks are setup in the world. These systems take advantage of existing superstructuressuch as offshore platforms, lightships, piers, breakwaters or are placed onspecially designed buoys or underwater oceanographic structures. Thesesystems commonly use various sensors to measure parameters such as dissolvedoxygen, turbidity, conductivity, pH or fluorescence. Emphasis has to be puton the long term quality of measurements, yet sensors may face veryshort-term biofouling effects. Biofouling can disrupt the quality of themeasurements, sometimes in less than a week.Many techniques to prevent biofouling on instrumentation are listed andstudied by researchers and manufacturers. Very few of them are implementedon instruments and of those very few have been tested in situ on oceanographicsensors for deployment of at least one or two months.This paper presents a review of techniques used to protect againstbiofouling of in situ sensors and gives a short list and description of promisingtechniques.
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