Two–stage system, a possible strategy for the enhancement of anthocyanin biosynthesis in a long-term grape callus cultures

摘要

Polyphenols, including anthocyanins, are an essential part of human diet and constitute one of the most abundant and ubiquitous group of plant secondary metabolites. Their level is inducible by different types of stress such as fungal infections, but in the in vitro conditions the accumulation of the polyphenols can be stimulated by biotic and abiotic elicitors. In the present study an attempt has been made to maximize the long —term Vitis vinifera L. callus culture growth and anthocyanin biosynthetic capacity by optimizing the hormonal combinations in the growth medium in a two stage culture system. Different concentrations and combinations of elicitors such as: salycilic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and manitol (MAN) were used. Anthocyanin accumulation was greatly enhanced by using medium variants SA-ABA (SA 10um, ABA 10 um), JAS-JAS (5 um) and JA20-JA20 (20 um). Two of these medium variants, respectively JAS-JAS and JA20-JA20, proved to determine the highest accumulation of browning anthocyanins in the callus cultures, while the medium containing SA-ABA determined the lowest one. In conclusion, the medium variant SA-ABA in a two stage culture system could be used as an effective strategy for enhancing the anthocyanin productivity of the long-term Vitis vinifera callus culture.