Breeding sites of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and geographic distribution of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in the province of Lim贸n, Costa Rica. 2012

摘要

Introduction: dengue is the main vector-borne disease in Costa Rica. Control of dengue requires comprehensive knowledge about its main vector, Aedes aegypti, which may breed in a great variety of artificial containers. Aedes albopictus, on the other hand, has not been associated with dengue transmission in the Americas, but it is an efficient vector in Asia and its presence in Costa Rica has been reported since the late 1990s. Objectives: identify and describe the main breeding sites of Ae. aegypti and the geographic distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the province of Limón in the year 2012. Methods: all localities in the province were sampled and visited in their entirety at least once every four months by personnel from the integrated vector management program. During these visits, all containers with water were searched for the presence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus larvae. Samples were taken from each type of container where larvae were found. Results: Ae. aegypti was found to be present in the six cantons of the province of Limón. The most common breeding sites were pneumatic tires, water tanks and buckets. Aedes albopictus was found to be present in five of the six cantons. Conclusions: the same number and types of breeding sites of Ae. aegypti are found year after year in the province of Limón. It has also been noticed that proliferation of Ae. aegypti is directly related to human beings, their bad habits, and the poor quality of health services in charge of protecting and improving the human environment. These results show that control of Ae. aegypti should be approached in a comprehensive manner. With this report of Ae. albopictus and the 2009 report about Siquirres, the species has been identified at least once in all cantons of the province of Limón.