Produ??o de mudas do tipo rebent?o, utilizando coroas de três cultivares de abacaxi inoculadas com fungos micorrízicos

摘要

One of the main obstacles to the development of pineapple cultivation in Brazil has been the absence of seedlings in both quantity and quality, to spread. Among the alternatives, the obtaining of seedlings is verified starting from the sprouting from crowns of fruits, which are normally discarded by the consumer. Furthermore, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be an alternative for improving the production of seedlings, since these fungi can shorten the time of seedlings of various fruit. In that sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production of seedlings type suckers, using the method of destruction of the apical meristem of the crown of the pineapple plants inoculated with FMAs. For such, we used the randomized complete block design, factorial 3x3, with three cultivars of pineapple ('Smooth Cayenne', 'Pérola' and 'Jupí') and three microbiological treatments (no inoculation, Glomus etunicatum and a mixture of Glomus clarum and Gigaspora margarita), with four replications. The first emissions were recorded at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting for cultivar Smooth, 'Pérola' and 'Jupí', respectively. The pineapple tree 'Smooth Cayenne' produced 80 to 69% seedlings more than the cultivars 'Pérola' and 'Jupí', respectively. In microbiological treatments there was a significant difference for the suckers issued, in which the mixed treatment was the most prevalent issue when compared with treatment with G. etunicatum. Nutritional assessments in the crowns, inoculation with the mixed treatment promoted an increase of 85 and 66% for P, 22 and 13% for N and 6 and 19% for K, compared to treatments G. etunicatum and control respectively. It is concluded that the production of suckers from crown whose principal gem was beheaded is an alternative for the production of pineapple seedlings, being more efficient in cultivar 'Smooth Cayenne' producing 26 seedlings at 420 days after planting.