Improved Manganese Status and Increased Selenium Deficiency Following HAART Combination Therapies in Nigerians with HIV-1 Infection

摘要

To determine the influence of two different Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy combinations (HAART) on lipid peroxidation and some selected trace metals. The 120 HIV-1 positive patients were on two different Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapies (HAART) for at least 6 months; 60 patients were on Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Nevirapine (HAART-l) and another 60 were on Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Efavirenz (HAART-ll). The 60 newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive patients who were on no treatment (pre-HAART) and 64 non-HIV infected individuals were recruited as controls. Malondialdehyde was measured using commercial kits based on modified, rapid, sensitive and specific Thiobarbituric Acid (TBARS) Method. Serum Manganese (Mn), Selenium (Se), Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Plasma MDA level was significantly higher (p<0.05) in HIV-1 patients on HAART-II compared to HAART-I, 0.37±0.10 vs. 0.28±0.19 μmol L-1. HAART-I and HAART-II combinations brought about a significant increase in serum p<0.05, respectively. Conversely, a significant reduction in serum levels of Se were observed in both HAART-I and HAART-II subjects compared with pre-HAART, 18.02±2.89, 17.36±2.21 vs. 30.01±5.18 μg dL-1, p<0.05, respectively. A significant elevation in serum Zn level was observed in HAART-I group while a significant decrease was observed in HAART-II group compared with pre-HAART group, 87.00±4.39, 72.91±12.48 vs. 76.75±10.01 μg dL-1, p<0.05, respectively. Significant reduction were observed in serum levels of Cu in both HAART-I and II groups compared with pre-HAART, 64.66±5.00, 68.66±4.63 vs. 69.26±5.91 μg dL-1, p<0.05, respectively. The final effect of HAART related oxidative imbalance in HIV infected individuals depends to some extent on the HAART combination and the interplay between the degree of selenium deficiency and manganese restoration.