Determination of Oleandrin Levels by HPLC-DAD in Vegetal Material Collected Throughout Algeria and the Study of Some Influencing Factors

摘要

Background: Oleander is a widespread evergreen shrub belonging to the family of Apocynaceae, it can grow to reach 20 feet high, the plant contains glycosides in all parts with different levels. Intoxications usually occur after the ingestion of oleander’s material and are featured by a scope of clinical symptoms ranging from digestive to cardiac signs and causing in some cases death. Objective: The main toxic is oleandrin, its levels vary considerably, the study aims to evaluate the levels of oleandrin in samples of oleander’s (Nerium oleander L.) material collected from different regions of Algeria and the study of some factors that may influence it. Materials and Methods: The plant material mainly leaves but also flowers and branches were collected across 25 sites throughout Algeria, oleandrin, extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), the samples were divided into groups and statistical tests (parametric and non-parametric) were performed. Results: The results show that leaves contain the paramount levels varying from 0.022-0.549%. Whereas, flowers and branches oleandrin levels range respectively from 0.005-0.025 and 0.004-0.062%. Conclusion: Significant variability was noted, related to the plant "Variety", height and habitat and certain conditions such as exposure to light or the nature of the soil.