Reproductive Performance of Peranakan Ongole (PO)- and Limousin x PO Crossbred (Limpo) Cattle at Different Altitude Areas in East Java, Indonesia

摘要

Background: Peranakan Ongole (PO) cattle is one of local cattle in Indonesia. Thesecattle is originated from genetically uncontrolled crosses between Sumba Ongole cattleintroduced from India with local cattle in East Java since 1930s during Hollandcolonization. PO cattle are a tropical breed which has well adapted in Indonesiaespecially in East Java. However since 1990s PO cattle are crossed with temperatecattle, Limousin breed without consideration the final genetic constitution of breedinggoal. The offspring of this crosses spread overall in East Java area including lowlandand highland areas. Objective: To evaluate the reproductive performances of PO cattleand its crosses with Limousin (Limousin x PO = Limpo) reared at lowland low- andhighland areas (5 m vs. 700 m above sea level) in farmer condition of East Java. A totalof 361 cows including 218 PO cattle (low area = 174 and high area=44) and 143 Limpocattle (low area = 35 and high area = 108) were included in this study. Results: The ageat first mating of PO cows was higher (P<0.01) than Limpo cows (PO: 2.17±0.82 vs.1.74±0.33 yrs, Limpo: 2.06±0.29 vs. 1.67±0.30 yrs, for low- and highland,respectively). Service per conception (S/C) was higher (P<0.05) for Limpo in highlandthan others (PO: 1.64±0.77 vs. 1.94±0.87, Limpo: 1.65±0.68 vs. 2.00±1.14, for therespective areas), whereas no significant differences were observed for days open (DO)period (PO: 4.28±0.87 vs. 4.89±0.83 months, Limpo: 4.49±0.26 vs. 4.85±0.77 months,for the respective areas) and for calving interval (CI) period (PO: 14.11±1.23 monthsvs. 14.51±0.89 months, Limpo: 14.14±1.55monts vs. 14.34 vs. 1.72months, for lowlandand highland areas, respectively). Conclusion: The reproductive performance of bothPO and Limpo cattle was more efficient when the cattle reared in lowland area thanthose in highland area according to the DO and CI periods.