This study presents the development of a grid simulator which is capable of generating sinusoidal waveforms with variable amplitude and frequency over a wide range. Moreover, it can achieve four-quadrant operation and allows bi-directional power flow due to the back-to-back topology. The transient grid conditions generated by this grid simulator can comply with the requirements of the international standards, such as VDE-AR-N 4105. So, it is well suited for testing grid-connected photovoltaic inverters. Both simulation and experiment results showed that the grid simulator designed in this study can provide transient grid conditions and achieve four-quadrant operation.
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