Comparative study on Phytoplankton Distribution and Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Microspora sp. of Chromite Contaminated Damsal nala of Sukinda Valley, Odisha, India

摘要

Damsal nala of Sukinda Valley of Odisha is accumulating drainage water coming from adjacent different chromite mines. A comparative study on seasonal distribution of phytoplankton community and heavy metals- bioaccumulation in Microspora sp. of Damsal nala was carried out during the year 2009 - '10, '10 - '11 and '11 - '12 in the present study. A total number of 8 species of phytoplankton was recorded from Damsal nala in the upstream region including six species of green algae (Chlorophyceae), one species of Bacillariophyceae and one of blue green algae (Cyanophyceae), whereas only three species belonging to a single family of Chlorophyceae were recorded from downstream region of Damsal nala. The abundance of phytoplankton community was found in the order of Microspora sp. > Zygnema sp. > Oscillatoria sp. > Spirogyra sp. > Navicula sp. > Ulothrix sp. > Mougeotia sp. > Oedogonium sp. and Microspora sp. > Oedogonium sp. > Mougeotia sp. in the upstream and downstream regions respectively. The concentration of three heavy metals, like total chromium, lead and cadmium in Microspora sp. of upstream region of Damsal nala ranged from 0.24 to 0.79 g kg-1, 0.033 to 0.047 g kg-1 and 3.00 to 4.66 mg kg-1 respectively during the entire period of study. But the concentration of heavy metals in Microspora sp. collected from downstream region of Damsal nala ranged from 30.11 to 36.11 g kg-1, 0.047 to 0.063 g kg-1 and 6.93 to 7.66 mg kg-1 for total chromium, lead and cadmium respectively during the study. The degree of heavy metal accumulation in Microspora sp. was found in the order of Cr > Pb > Cd and Cr Pb > Cd in the upstream and downstream regions of Damsal nala respectively. Microspora sp. can be used as phytoremediator due to its property of accumulation of high amount of chromium and lead and could be used as a natural filter media for the removal of these metals.