An upper flare-shaped seawall（the upper structure of a flare-shaped seawall) is a product having a curved surface to reduce wave overtopping. The product is compact, low-cost and can be constructed from the land. Kobe Steel established a method for estimating the amount of wave overtopping an upwardly flared seawall. In addition, the company has developed a method for updating existing seawalls, using upwardly flared seawall. In 2013, this method was adopted for the first time, in Yamagata prefecture, along a coastline facing the Sea of Japan.
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