Epidemiological study of bovine brucellosis in indigenous cattle population in Kibondo and Kakonko Districts, Western Tanzania

摘要

Across-sectionalepidemiologicalstudyofbovinebrucellosiswasconductedbetweenDecember,2013andJanuary,2014inKibondoandKakonkoDistrictsofKigomaregion,WesternTanzania.Atotalof410animalsaged#8805;6monthsfrom60herdsweretestedforBrucellaabortusantibodiesusingRoseBengalPlateTest(RBPT)andCompetitive-Enzyme#8211;linkedimmunosorbentassay(c-ELISA)asscreeningandconfirmatorytests,respectively.Samplingprocessofstudyunitsadoptedamultistageclustersampling.InformationregardingriskfactorsinfluencingBrucellaseropositivity,livestockowner#8217;sknowledge,attitudesandpractices(KAPs)weregatheredusingquestionnaireadministeredto60livestockkeepers.Theoverallindividualanimalbrucellosisseroprevalencewas5.6%(95%ConfidenceInterval[CI]:3.8-8.3);andherdlevelseroprevalencewas21.7%(95%CI:13.1-33.6).Kibondohadanimallevelseroprevalenceof9.4%(95%CI:6.1-14.2)andherdlevelseroprevalenceof30.0%(95%CI:16.7-47.9),whileKakonkohadanimallevelandherdlevelseroprevalenceof1.9%(95%CI:0.8-4.9)and13.3%(95%CI:5.3-29.7),respectively.Improperdisposalofabortedmaterials(OR=6.4;95%CI:1.2-33.5;p=0.03),contactwithdogs(OR=7.4;95%CI:1.6-31.9;p=0.01)andcontactwithsmallruminants(OR=8.9;95%CI:2.8-55.9;p=0.03)hadsignificantassociationwithseroprevalenceofbrucellosis.Resultsrevealedlowdegreeofawarenessandaccurateknowledgeoflivestockkeepersonbrucellosisanditszoonoticpotential.Inthestudyareabovinebrucellosisisprevalent;thereforethereisaneedtocreategeneralpublicawarenessaboutthediseaseanddesignandimplementcontrolmeasuresthatwillpreventfurtherspreadofadiseasewithinandoutsidethestudyarea.