Feeding systems for fattening lambs in agropastoral farming systems in the region of El-Guedid - Djelfa

摘要

LambfatteningpracticeswerestudiedinthesheeplivestocksystemontheEl-GuedidzoneintheNorthWestpartofDjelfawilaya.LivestockintheregioniswellrecognizedandsupplyinredsheepmeatthebigcitiesofAlgeria.Infewdecades,theproductionsystemandcommoditieschainhadimportantadaptiontothedifferentchanges:humandemography,socio-economicaltransformations,andbiophysicsandlandusechanges.Inspiteoftheadaptionoflivestockmanagement,sometraditionalknowledgewaskeepespeciallyregardingthefeedingpractices.ItisoneofthereasonswhythemeatfromDjelfaisstillpopular.Livestockwithtraditionalandinnovativemanagementproducehighqualitymeatallduringtheyear.Theevaluationofthecontextandthelivestockfavoredthedevelopmentofspecificfatteningfeedingbyfarmers.Thediversityoflivestockmanagementespeciallyforthefatteningpracticesandthefarmer#8217;sstrategyregardingtheirlivestocksystemswerethesubjectofthisstudy.Ourmethodologyinseveralstepswasto(i)tointerview86famersandobservedthefatteningworkshopswithinthefarms.ii)UtilizationofthedatabaseofthemonitoringofthesheepmarketofDjelfatoassesstheanimalprices;iii)analysisofthedatausingMCA,PCOAgowerandGraphicinterpretation.Thetwomainresultsofthisstudywasfirstthatsteppeswerenotonlyusebybreedingsystemandalsothatthemovinglivestocksystemweredominant(transhumantandsemitranshumantsystem).Sedentarysystemsonlycover15%ofoursampling.Furthermore,wecharacterizefourtypesoffarmersbasedontheirmobility,status,fatteningpracticesandstrategy.Thesegroupswerethebreedingones,breedingfatteningsystems,thefatteningsystemandbreedingfatteningwithacommercialstrategybasedonreligiousfests.Thislastgrouprepresents49%ofoursampling.Theyreservedupto40%ofthelambproductionfortheAidElAdhaperiod.Foodsusedforthefatteningwererichincereals(highenergybutlowquantityofnitrogen).Indeed3/5ofthefoodregimewaseitherbarley-wheat-branorwheat-bran.Theseasonanddurationofthefatteningvaryregardingthedistributedration:for6to12weeks.Theseresultsstaradiscussionwiththefarmers.Theycouldbeusedtoeasetheaccompanimentoffamerstoalternativefeedingandgrazingsysteminorderincreasethequalityoftheproduct.Theseadaptationsareinresponsetotherequirementofthemeatmarketandwillfavorasustainabledevelopmentofagro-pastoralsystems.