Pekin duck (Anas domesticus) farming in Mataram district of Lombok Indonesia: prospects and problems

摘要

PekinduckfarminginMataramwasstudiedusingaquestionnairesurveyfromMaytoDecember2015tounderstandtheproblemsandprospectsofthisfarmingpractice.Atotalof34duckfarmersand40consumersinsixdistrictsofMataramformedtherespondents.Thesurveycoveredsocio-economicprofileofduckfarmers(age,education,maritalstatus,andfarmsize)andconsumers(householdsandrestaurantvisitors).ItwasfoundthatduckproductionsystemsinMataramwereintensivesystemswithconventionalmanagementpractices(traditionalknowledgeinduckfarming).PekinduckisthemostcommonlyusedexoticduckbreedinMataram.Mostoftheduckfarmerswereagedbetween41-50years(59%)withprimaryschooleducation(76.4%),andtheirfarmingexperienceasmeatduckgrowerswererelativelyshort(1-5years).Further,duckfarmingwasnottheirmainoccupationwithconstraintssuchaslackoftechnicalknowledgeandcapitalavailability.Thenon-familiarityandnottastieraschickenmeat,andinappropriatemethodofcookingwereanotherproblems.Marketingsystemsweredirecttotraditionalmarketsorpoultrytradersforthelivebirdswhilefrozenmeatwassoldtohotels.Importingfertileeggsandducklingswerealsoconstrainstomaintaintheproductioncycle.Inspiteoftheconstraints,thedemandformeatduckswasveryhigh,whichwasabout1045birdsperdaybutthesupplywasonly545birdsperdayorabout50%ofthedemand.