Effect of an intensive silvopastoral system (iSPS) with Tithonia diversifolia on the production and quality of milk in the Amazon foothills, Colombia

摘要

ThepolicytoimprovethecompetitivenessoftheColombiandairysectorincludes,inpart,promotingagroforestrysystemsinstrategicareasofmilkproductionsuchasthefoothillsoftheeasterncordilleraintheAmazonregion(Caquetadepartment)characterizedbyveryacidicandnutrient-poorsoils,andsubjectedtohighrainfall.Withtheaimofincreasingtheknowledgeaboutsuchsystems,theproductionandqualityofmilkwerecomparedbetweenaconventionalgrazingsystemandanintensivesilvopastoralsystem(iSPS)withtheforageshrubTithoniadiversifoliaplantedathighdensitywithnativetreesandrotationalgrazing.Overaperiodof20days,milkproductionandqualityweremeasuredineightanimalsbymeansofacrossoverexperimentaldesignandtheeconomicreturnswerecalculated.Thepercentagesoffat,non-fattysolidsandtotalsolidsinmilkshowednosignificantdifferencebetweentreatments(p0.05),butthepercentageofproteinwassignificantlyhigherintheiSPS(3.39%)thanintheconventionalsystem(3.35%)(p=0.029).Milkproductionha/daywassignificantlyhigher(p=0.0001)intheiSPSthatintheconventionalsystem(15.4and9.70kgrespectively)asaresultofanincreaseinthecarryingcapacityfrom1.84to2.71AnimalUnitsperhectare,andproductionperanimalthatwas6.71%higherintheiSPS.TheresultsshowthattheiSPScanimprovethequalityandsupplyofnutrientsinthediet,andincreasetheproductionoffat,non-fattysolids,proteinandtotalsolids(p0.05)perhectare,and,asaconsequence,improvetheproductsalesrevenueovertraditionalsystemscommonlyusedintheAmazonianfoothills.