Contribution of alcohol and drug co-use to substance use problems: Data from a nationally-representative sample of US adults who have never been to treatment:

摘要

Aims:Combined use of alcohol with drugs elevates risk for problems including injury and driving while intoxicated. We assessed contributions of heavy drinking (5+ drinks for men/4+ for women), drug use (cannabis and other drugs) and simultaneous co-use to DSM-5 alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug abuse (DA). We expected co-use to increase risk for AUD and DA.Methods:Using population-weighted data from adults in the 2014–2015 National Alcohol Survey who had never been to treatment (N = 3386 drinkers, 50% male, 13% Hispanic, 11% Black, mean age 45 years; N = 439 drug users, 56% male, 20% Hispanic, 15% Black, mean age 36), we tested hypotheses using logistic regression adjusting for demographics, family history of alcohol problems and impulsivity.Results:Ten percent of drinkers and 26% of drug users met criteria for mild AUD; 1% of drinkers and 4% of drug users met criteria for DA. Heavy drinking significantly increased risk for AUD, as did monthly or weekly use of cannabis. When simultaneous co-use was add...