GROUNDWATER PROTECTION FROM CONTAMINATION ON PUMPING AREAS DURING INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER BURIAL (through the example of the Yamalo-Nenets oil and gas production region)

摘要

Construction of the areas for industrial liquid wastes (waste water) burial, as many other engineering facilities, is divided into several stages: selection of place and area for a subsurface storage, research, design, and final construction of the area. At each stage, as well as during the burial area operation, a special attention is paid towards groundwater protection. The liquid wastes subsurface disposal is a complicated technological process, which includes wastes preparation for burial, their delivery and pumping into intake wells. In terms of its nature, the industrial liquid wastes subsurface disposal is a mining-geological process, performing which it is considerably regulated and becomes more precise. The geological and hydro-geological conditions of the subsurface are very complicated, so it is impossible to forecast all peculiarities of the subsurface storage filling with liquid wastes in advance (at the design stage). The problems of groundwater protection from contamination presuppose an opportunity of implementing the subsurface liquid wastes disposal at the object, as well as all engineering solutions according to the technological flow diagram of wastes pumping and construction of subsurface facilities of the area. The operation of burial area is combined with implementation of a wide range of hydro-geological, geophysical, geochemical, and other observations and research, which make up a basis of hydro-ecological monitoring. Only if it is performed, it is possible to implement an efficient use of subsurface storage capacity and protect the groundwater from contamination. At present, there are 57 industrial waste water burial areas designed and set to operation in the Yamalo-Nenets oil and gas production region.