Polimorfizm genu kazeiny CSN1S1 w pozycji 663 u krajowych owiec i muflona europejskiego (Ovis aries musimon)

摘要

The study was carried out on the material of 1802 sheeps (1175♀ and 627♂) coming from European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon), its hybrids with Polish heat sheep, four sheep breeds that are characterised by a mixed wool, as well as Polish merino. All animals were subjected to the identification of the alpha-S1 casein gene – CSN1S1. On the basis of the research two alleles (C and T) were identified and three genotypes (CC, CT and TT). A balanced frequency of alleles C and T in European mouflon were identified, which translated into a balanced distribution of genotypes, in contrast to the other groups, in which the T allele and the TT genotype decidedly had most of the frequency compared to C allele and CC and TC genotypes. It was shown that in the European mouflon CC genotype appeared in the highest proportion in comparison to the other groups, of which only Polish heat sheep and Polish mountain sheep – white were characterised by the participation of trace conditioning. It was concluded that the studies proved that the process of domestication may have a significant impact on the quantity and distribution of alleles and genotypes in the alpha-S1 casein gene. This result indicates the need for further research in this area in “cultural” sheep (e.g. compared to the Polish merino), characterised by a more specialised usability (e.g. meat or wool-meat).