THE DYNAMICS OF ACCUMULATION OF N, P, K AND Mg IN THE INITIAL PERIOD OF GROWTH AS A REACTION OF MAIZE CULTIVARS (ZEA MAYS L.) ON THE METHOD OF THE APPLICATION OF A NITROGEN FERTILIZER

摘要

The article presents the effect of the method of application of nitrogen (N) and nitrogen-magnesium (N, Mg) fertilizer and the type of maize hybrid on the dynamics of the accumulation of minerals in the initial stage of plant vegetation. We analyzed features, such as the concentrations of N, P, K, Mg in the plant dry matter, nutrient uptake, macronutrient ratios, and nutrition index (NI). Also, the coefficients of the simple correlation between the nutritional status of plants in the juvenile phase and grain yield were determined. The row application of nitrogen was more effective compared to the broadcast method or the row method supplemented with top-dressing, which is shown by a higher accumulation of N, P, K and Mg in the dry matter of plants and a better nutrition with nitrogen (N-NI) and magnesium (Mg-NI). The “stay-green” cultivar was characterized by a more dynamic collection of essential macronutrients in the early stages, compared to the classical cultivar. The K-NI and N/P ratio in the stage BBCH 16/17 were correlated with grain yield. These indicators can be considered as predictors of grain yield.