Introduction: Excess body weight (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25.00 kg/m2) is an established risk factor for diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but its relationship to cancer is lesser-known. This study used population attributable fractions (PAFs) to estimate the cancer burden attributable to excess body weight in Canadian adults (aged 25+ years) in 2010. Methods: We estimated PAFs using relative risk (RR) estimates from the World Cancer Research Fund International Continuous Update Project, BMI-based estimates of overweight (25.00 kg/m2-29.99 kg/m2) and obesity (30.00+ kg/m2) from the 2000-2001 Canadian Community Health Survey, and cancer case counts from the Canadian Cancer Registry. PAFs were based on BMI corrected for the bias in self-reported height and weight. Results: In Canada in 2010, an estimated 9645 cancer cases were attributable to excess body weight, representing 5.7% of all cancer cases (males 4.9%, females 6.5%). When limiting the analysis to types of cancer associated with high BMI, the PAF increased to 14.9% (males 17.5%, females 13.3%). Types of cancer with the highest PAFs were esophageal adenocarcinoma (42.2%), kidney (25.4%), gastric cardia (20.7%), liver (20.5%), colon (20.5%) and gallbladder (20.2%) for males, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (36.1%), uterus (35.2%), gallbladder (23.7%) and kidney (23.0%) for females. Types of cancer with the greatest number of attributable cases were colon (1445), kidney (780) and advanced prostate (515) for males, and uterus (1825), postmenopausal breast (1765) and colon (675) for females. Irrespective of sex or type of cancer, PAFs were highest in the Prairies (except Alberta) and the Atlantic region and lowest in British Columbia and Quebec. Conclusion: The cancer burden attributable to excess body weight is substantial and will continue to rise in the near future because of the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity in Canada.
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机译：简介：体重过重（体重指数[BMI]≥25.00 kg / m 2 ）是糖尿病，高血压和心血管疾病的既定危险因素，但与癌症的关系鲜为人知。这项研究使用人群归因分数（PAFs）估算了2010年加拿大成年人（25岁以上）超重所致的癌症负担。方法：我们使用世界癌症研究基金会国际组织的相对风险（RR）估算来估算PAFs。持续更新项目，基于BMI的超重（25.00 kg / m 2 -29.99 kg / m 2 ）和肥胖（30.00+ kg / m 2 < / SUP>），以及来自加拿大癌症登记处的癌症病例计数。 PAF基于BMI校正，以自我报告的身高和体重存在偏差。结果：2010年，加拿大估计有9645例癌症病例归因于超重，占所有癌症病例的5.7％（男性为4.9％，女性为6.5％）。当将分析局限于与高BMI相关的癌症类型时，PAF增至14.9％（男性为17.5％，女性为13.3％）。 PAF最高的癌症类型为男性，食管癌为食管腺癌（42.2％），肾脏（25.4％），胃card门癌（20.7％），肝脏（20.5％），结肠（20.5％）和胆囊癌（20.2％）。女性为腺癌（36.1％），子宫（35.2％），胆囊（23.7％）和肾脏（23.0％）。癌症类型最多的是男性的结肠（1445），肾脏（780）和晚期前列腺癌（515），女性的子宫（1825），绝经后乳房（1765）和结肠（675）。无论性别或癌症类型如何，PAF在大草原地区（艾伯塔省除外）和大西洋地区最高，在不列颠哥伦比亚省和魁北克地区最低。结论：由于加拿大超重和肥胖的患病率上升，超重引起的癌症负担是巨大的，并且在不久的将来将继续增加。
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