首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Marine Science >Long-term photo-identification reveals the population dynamics and strong site fidelity of adult whale sharks to the coastal waters of Donsol, Philippines
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Long-term photo-identification reveals the population dynamics and strong site fidelity of adult whale sharks to the coastal waters of Donsol, Philippines

机译:长期的照片识别揭示了成年鲸鲨到菲律宾Donsol沿海水域的种群动态和较强的地点保真度

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Donsol in the Philippines is the longest running community-based whale shark (Rhincodon typus) ecotourism site in Southeast Asia, with peak visitation in 2012 of over 27,000 tourists. In order to understand this aggregation and the importance of the area to whale sharks, dedicated photographic identification (photo-ID) research began in 2007. In-water photo-ID surveys were conducted from tourism boats, weather and operator permitting, from December to June between 2007 and 2016. Visual matches of the unique spot patterns of each individual shark were validated by the pattern-recognition software Interactive Individual Identification System (I3S), and on the online database Wildbook for Whale Sharks (www.whaleshark.org). A total of 1,985 photo-ID trips over 895 survey days resulted in 6,786 encounters with R. typus. Combined with encounters from both dedicated research and citizen science dating back to 1998, 479 individual whale sharks were identified, making up 44% of the known whale shark population in the Philippines (n = 1,095). Of these, photographs of the pelvic region confirmed the sex for 158 males and 22 females. Visual size estimates ranged from 2 to 10 m (mean ± S.D = 6.5 ±1.6 m). Maturity in males (LT50) was estimated at 6.8 ± 0.2 m total length, with 53% of males considered mature. Annually, the total number of individuals sighted varied between 15 and 185 ( mean ± S.D = 104 ± 55.53), with a recruitment of 3-90 new individuals yearly (mean ± S.D = 46.8 ± 36.29). Modelled residency using maximum likelihood methods suggested whale sharks spent 49.8 ± S.E. 14.5 (95% CI [32.3 – 78.6]) days in Donsol each season, with 47.1 – 60.8 whale sharks at any one time during the season. Twenty individuals were recorded through photo-ID at other sites across the Philippines. The extended residency of whale sharks at Donsol, paired with the presence of sexually mature animals and the economic value of the tourism industry, highlights the importance of Donsol for this endangered species.
机译:菲律宾的Donsol是东南亚运行时间最长的基于社区的鲸鲨(Rhincodon typus)生态旅游胜地,2012年的高峰游客量超过27,000名游客。为了了解这种聚集情况以及该地区对鲸鲨的重要性,于2007年开始了专门的照片识别(photo-ID)研究。从12月到2007年,在旅游船,天气和操作者允许的情况下进行了水中的photo-ID调查。 2007年至2016年6月之间。通过模式识别软件“交互式个人识别系统”(I3S)和在线数据库“鲸鲨” Wildbook(www.whaleshark.org)验证了每个鲨鱼的独特斑点模式的视觉匹配。在895个调查日内,总共进行了1,985次带照片ID的旅行,导致了6,786次与斑疹伤寒的接触。结合1998年以来专门研究和公民科学的遭遇,发现了479条鲸鲨,占菲律宾已知鲸鲨种群的44%(n = 1,095)。其中,骨盆区域的照片证实了158名男性和22名女性的性别。视觉尺寸估计范围为2到10 m(平均±S.D = 6.5±1.6 m)。男性成熟度(LT50)的总长度估计为6.8±0.2 m,其中53%的男性被视为成熟。每年,被发现的个体总数在15到185之间变化(平均值±标准差= 104±55.53),并且每年招募3-90名新个体(平均值±标准差= 46.8±36.29)。使用最大似然法对居住地进行建模表明,鲸鲨花费了49.8±S.E.每个季节在Donsol中有14.5天(95%CI [32.3 – 78.6])天,在该季节中的任何时间都有47.1 – 60.8条鲸鲨。在菲律宾其他地方,通过照片身份证记录了二十个人。鲸鲨在多索尔(Donsol)的长期居留权,加上有性成熟的动物的存在以及旅游业的经济价值,凸显了多索尔(Donsol)对于这一濒危物种的重要性。

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