We propose a heuristic buffer management scheme that uses both positive and negative acknowledg?ments to provide scalability and reliability. Under our scheme, most receiver nodes only send negative acknowledg?ments to their repair nodes to request packet retransmissions while some representative nodes also send positive acknowledgments to indicate which packets can be discarded from the repair node’s buffer. Our scheme provides scalability because it significantly reduces the number of feedbacks sent by the receiver nodes. In addition, it provides fast recovery of transmission errors since the packets requested from the receiver nodes are almost always available in their buffers. Our scheme also reduces the number of additional retransmissions from the original sender node or upstream repair nodes. These features satisfy the original goal of tree-based protocols since most packet retransmissions are performed within a local group.
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