Frequency of nosocomial infections with antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter spp. in intensive care unit (ICU) patients

摘要

Acinetobacter?is a Gram-negative coccobacillus and one of the most nosocomial infections.?Acinetobacter?spp resistant strains in the world have created health problems. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for infections with multi drug resistance (MDR) of?Acinetobacter?spp. in patients admitted to the ICU of Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2008 to 2010. This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was designed on all of the 130 patients with culture positive for?Acinetobacter?spp.?Microbiologic and specific demographic data were extracted from patient’s laboratory and archive file. The data were analyzed by using SPSS16 statistical software and chi-square and Mann-Whitney test. The prevalence of infection with?Acinetobacter?spp.?separately by years was: 21.5, 30.8 and 47.7% in 1386, 1387 and 1388, respectively. 100% isolates were resistance to?Carbnicillin, Piperacillin, Cefotaxime?and?Cephalotin, 99.2% to?Ciprofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole?and?Chloramphenicol, 97.7% to?Imipenem, 95.4% to?Tetracycline?and 91.5% to?Gentamicin. Highest percentage sensitivity was to?Amikacin?14.6%. Nosocomial infections with?Acinetobacter?spp.?during the three years, was a growing trend and all isolates were MDR and the highest susceptibility was to?Amikacin.?It seems that the incorrect diagnosis, use of antibiotics for viral infections, inappropriate doses and time of antibiotic therapy (less or more), inappropriate formulation and low quality of some of antibiotics, are the most important cause of MDR. The proper use of antibiotics to prevent MDR bacterial nosocomial infections is recommended.