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Downstream Yangtze River levels impacted by Three Gorges Dam

机译:三峡大坝影响长江下游水位

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Changes in the Yangtze River level induced by large-scale human water regulation have profound implications on the inundation dynamics of surrounding lakes/wetlands and the integrity of related ecosystems. Using in situ measurements and hydrological simulation, this study reveals an altered Yangtze level regime downstream from the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) to the Yangtze estuary in the East China Sea as a combined result of (i) TGD's flow regulation and (ii) Yangtze channel erosion due to reduced sediment load. During the average annual cycle of TGD's regular flow control in 2009–2012, downstream Yangtze level variations were estimated to have been reduced by 3.9–13.5% at 15 studied gauging stations, manifested as evident level decrease in fall and increase in winter and spring. The impacts on Yangtze levels generally diminished in a longitudinal direction from the TGD to the estuary, with a total time lag of ~9–12 days. Chronic Yangtze channel erosion since the TGD closure has lowered water levels in relation to flows at most downstream stations, which in turn counteracts the anticipated level increase by nearly or over 50% in winter and spring while reinforcing the anticipated level decrease by over 20% in fall. Continuous downstream channel erosion in the near future may further counteract the benefit of increased Yangtze levels during TGD's water supplement in winter and accelerate the receding of inundation areas/levels of downstream lakes in fall.
机译:大规模人类水调节引起的长江水位变化对周围湖泊/湿地的淹没动态以及相关生态系统的完整性具有深远的影响。利用原位测量和水文模拟,该研究揭示了三峡大坝(TGD)下游至东海长江口的长江水位变化,这是(i)TGD的流量调节和(ii)长江水位的综合结果沉积物负荷减少导致河道侵蚀。在2009-2012年TGD的常规流量控制的平均年周期中,估计在15个已测量站的长江下游水位变化已减少3.9-13.5%,表现为秋季水位明显下降,而冬季和春季水位明显下降。从长江三角洲(TGD)到河口,对长江水位的影响通常沿纵向减小,总时滞约为9至12天。自从三峡工程关闭以来,长江上游河道的长期侵蚀降低了大部分下游站的水位,这反过来抵消了冬季和春季的预期水位增加近50%或以上,同时又增强了25%的预期水位减少。秋季。在不久的将来,下游河道的持续侵蚀可能会进一步抵消冬季在TGD补充水期间增加扬子水位的好处,并在秋天加速下游湖泊淹没区/水位的后退。

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