Protection of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus from aflatoxin B 1 toxicity by dietary supplementation with Fennel essential oil and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

摘要

Significant losses in ration industry especially aquaculture resulting from aflatoxins. The effect of supplementing Nile tilapia diet with Fennel essential oil (FEO) with or without Saccharomyces cerevisiae on negative impacts of aflatoxin B 1 , AFB 1 (200ppb) for one month was studied. Two hundred and forty Nile tilapia of 26.6±0.12g (mean±SE) were divided into eight groups (30 fish/group) with three replicates. G 1 was fed on a basal diet only (D 1 ), while G 2 was fed on AFB 1 (200ppb) contaminated diet (D 2 ). G 3 and G 4 were fed on FEO supplemented diets (1ml/kg diet) with or without AFB 1 (200ppb) (D 3 and D 4), respectively. G 5 and G 6 were fed on S. cerevisiae supplemented diets (1g/kg diet) with or without AFB 1 (200ppb) (D 5 and D 6), respectively. G 7 and G 8 were fed on supplemented diets with mixture from FEO (1ml/kg diet) and S. cerevisiae (1g/kg diet) with or without AFB 1 (200ppb) (D 7 and D 8) , respectively. The phagocytic assay, protein profile, serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT) and creatinine were measured at the end of feeding period (30days). The oxidative stress biomarker as catalase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) and AFB 1 residues in liver and musculature were also measured. At the end of feeding period, the phagocytic activity, total blood proteins and catalase activity showed lower significant values in AFB 1 exposed fish. Also, AFB 1 induced significant rising in levels of ALT, creatinine and MDA with higher residual levels recorded. Meanwhile, the aflatoxicated groups treated with FEO or S. cerevisiae or their mixture revealed significant improvement of mostly all the measured parameters. FEO can successfully relieve AFB 1 noxious effects compared with S. cerevisiae in Nile tilapia.