Capacitive power transfer (CPT) is one of the technologies in the field of wireless power transfer (WPT). A CPT system is much similar to an inductive power transfer (IPT) system. The CPT technology based on the electric field coupling has addressed many limitations of an IPT technology, such as low electromagnetic interference (EMI), low eddy current losses, and ability to transfer power through the metal barriers. Firstly, the CPT systems were utilized for low power transfer applications through small air-gaps, because the development of unsafe voltages across the conductive plates, However, the utilizing of new compensation circuit topologies have enabled the systems that use this technology to be utilized for small, medium and long air-gaps applications. Currently, the CPT technology can be used in many applications, such as charging mobile phones, laptop, and electric vehicles (EVs) batteries. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current patterns and trends of the CPT technology usage in a wireless battery charging. The principal of operation, capacitive coupler structures, equivalent circuits modelling, plates configurations, resonance circuit topologies, challenges and limitations are actively described in this paper. A hybrid wireless power transfer (HWPT) technology which is a combination of IPT and CPT technologies is also presented.
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