Current terrestrial ecosystem models are usually driven with global average annual atmospheric carbon dioxide ( CO _(2)) concentration data at the global scale. However, high‐precision CO _(2) measurement from eddy flux towers showed that seasonal, spatial surface atmospheric CO _(2) concentration differences were as large as 35 ppmv and the site‐level tests indicated that the CO _(2) variation exhibited different effects on plant photosynthesis. Here we used a process‐based ecosystem model driven with two spatially and temporally explicit CO _(2) data sets to analyze the atmospheric CO _(2) fertilization effects on the global carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems from 2003 to 2010. Our results demonstrated that CO _(2) seasonal variation had a negative effect on plant carbon assimilation, while CO _(2) spatial variation exhibited a positive impact. When both CO _(2) seasonal and spatial effects were considered, global gross primary production and net ecosystem production were 1.7?Pg?C·yr~(?1) and 0.08?Pg?C·yr~(?1) higher than the simulation using uniformly distributed CO _(2) data set and the difference was significant in tropical and temperate evergreen broadleaf forest regions. This study suggests that the CO _(2) observation network should be expanded so that the realistic CO _(2) variation can be incorporated into the land surface models to adequately account for CO _(2) fertilization effects on global terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics.
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