The extraction of a liquid through a lateral orifice is commonly encountered in a wide range of industrial appli- cations. In the ironmaking blast furnace (BF), the tapping process is far more complex because of issues related to the multiphase flow characteristics and the role of the packed bed of coke (deadman) in the hearth. An efficient and strict- ly controlled tapping is necessary for guaranteeing a stable operation and high productivity of the BF. Many recent investigations’) on this subject have revealed that the pres- sure drop caused by fluid flow through the deadman in the hearth is a significant factor governing hearth drainage. However, due to the hostile environment, the possibilities to directly measure internal variables are practically non- existent. Instead, knowledge on and a better understanding of the conditions in BF hearth can be gained by mathemat- ical modeling and small-scale experiments.
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