PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDIES ON TEPHROSIA COLLINA VAR LANUGINOCARPA V.S.SHARMA– AN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WESTERN INDIA

摘要

Introduction: Tephrosia collina var lanuginocarpa V.S.Sharma is an extremely rare, endangered plant species of western India. It is distributed in Gujarat and Rajasthan. Objective: The present study gives first insight of anatomical, pharmacognostical, histochemical, physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical analysis of the root, stem and leaf of T. collina var lanuginocarpa. Method: All the analysis was done according to WHO norms. Results: The anatomical features seen in the root, stem and leaf of this plant species is presences of rhomboidal calcium oxalate crystals in medullary rays and pericycle. The micro-morphological parameters such as the stomatal index, palisade ratio and vein-islet number were distinctly quantified. The powder study showed the presence of warty unicellular trichomes and anisocyctic stomata in leaf and stem, along with presence of the rhomboidal calcium oxalate crystals in the leaf, stem and root powder. The histochemical test performed showed the presence of starch grain, lignin and calcium oxalate crystal. The physicochemical parameters such as ash values, extractive values and loss on drying of all the three plant parts have been studied. The phytochemical screening shows the presence of carbohydrates, lignans, flavonoids, Quinones and anthocyanidins in all the three plant parts. The results of these studies provide referential data for identification of some diagnostic indices for identification, authentication and preparation of monograph of this plant