Hypovitaminosis D in pregnancy and its correlation with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus

摘要

Background: Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and has been recognised as a public health concern. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of Vitamin D deficiency on maternal complications like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) among pregnant women. Methods: This was a case control study undertaken at antenatal clinics and indoor of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Two maternal blood samples, one at 20 weeks and other at term along with cord blood at delivery were taken. Patients were classified into preeclampsia (n=60), gestational diabetes mellitus (n=35) and control group (n=180) after ing past medical records at delivery. Vitamin D was estimated by 25- Hydroxyvitamin D125 RIA kit and categorized according to ACOG criteria. Statistical analysis was done by using chi square test, binary logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to compare between two variables. P0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 275 women included in the study, 78% of women were Vitamin D deficient. Mean serum vitamin D was significantly lower among preeclamptic women 11.53±6.22 ng/ml and GDM women 12.62±6.69 ng/ml as compared to controls 24.25±14.44 ng/ml (median=18.2 ng/ml) (P0.05). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in pregnant women GDM (94.28% vs 68.3%) and preeclampsia (96.67% vs 68.3%) when compared to uncomplicated group. Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in early pregnancy and is significantly associated with elevated risk for GDM and preeclampsia.