Wireless Sensor Network is broadly used in many areas including security surveillance. In Wireless Sensor Network, sensor networks are placed randomly and also in grid depending on the methodology used to deploy the network. As sensor nodes uses energy from batteries for sensing the data and transmitting data it consumes the energy for these operations. Avoiding energy consumption in sensor nodes is hot topic in today's era and also a challenging task, many protocols and algorithms are used to avoid energy consumption as the batteries in Wireless Sensor Network are non replaceable. In this paper we made a detailed survey on the recent issues in Wireless Sensor Networks and discussed various problems with respect to different scenarios as well as different methods. Also the paper focuses on recent approaches in avoiding energy consumption of Wireless Sensor Network and researched the different protocols and algorithms by various authors. The paper focuses future study on energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Network stating new terms and objectives for further research.
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