Annual Fluctuations (～10~(-12) W·m~(-2)) in Ground Level Photon Power Densities: Quantitative Evidence for Possible Modulation From the Galactic Center

摘要

The numbers of photons per second for more than a year (2013-2014) recorded every ～2.5 s by a digital photomultiplier unit was maximum during August to October and minimum during February through April. The peak-to-peak difference in quantity for the classical, smooth variation was 2.4 × 10~(-12) W m~(-2). This value is within the order of magnitude for a photon source from the galactic center with a power of 10~(59) J from a spherical surface with a radius defined for a singularity that could be equivalent to the galactic mass. The calculated change in photon flux density from such a source for the annual change in the earth's distance around the sun relative to the distance to galactic center was ～10~(-21) W m~(-2) or equivalent to 10 Solar Flux Units (SFU). Data obtained for daily SFU for the years 2009 through 2013 indicated that an average difference was 8 to 10 SFU higher for September-October when the earth would be closer to the galactic center than March-April. The most likely source of the amplitude of the annual variation is consistent with modification by the earth's position in the solar mass field with respect to the galactic center. These data suggest that at least a subset set of background photon emissions on the earth's surface display a clear annual variation whose source could originate from a singularity at the distance of the center of the Milky Way.